HRT (Hormone Replacement Therapy)
Estrogen ± progesterone to treat menopause symptoms. Transdermal preferred over oral.
Estrogen treats hot flashes, vaginal dryness, bone loss. Progesterone added if uterus present (to protect lining). Transdermal (patch, gel) is safer than oral (lower clot risk). Most women in perimenopause through age 60 benefit; risk-benefit shifts after 60. Start within 10 years of menopause for cardiovascular benefit.